tclsh
foreach address {
1.1.1.1
2.2.2.2
3.3.3.3
4.4.4.4
5.5.5.5
6.6.6.6
7.7.7.7
} {
puts [ping $address]
}
mono
Ridho Alloh adalah segalanya
Wednesday, October 08, 2014
Monday, September 08, 2014
DMVPN
Latar belakang kenapa harus ada dmvpn :
DMVPN merupakan kombinasi antara mGRE dengan NHRP IPSec (Optional)
DMVPN dapat di implementasikan di Phase 1, Phase 2 dan Phase 3.
ketika kita ingin jaringan tertentu bisa saling terhubung, kita bisa menggunakan GRE tunnel
dan pada GRE tunnel terdapat 2 jenis :
GRE dan mGRE.
-GRE adalah tunnel yang menghubungkan satu titik ke satu titik, dan benar benar murni point to point.
pada GRE akan timbul masalah jika kita punya satu kantor pusat (Hub) dan 100 kantor cabang (Spoke)
maka disini kita harus menyediakan interface tunnel sebanya 99.
karena GRE terdapat masalah , yaitu semakin banya kantor cabang (SPOKE) maka kita harus menyediakan semakin banyak interface tunnel,
oleh karena itu ada solusi menggunakan mGRE disisi hub nya (multipointGRE).
pada konfigurasi mGRE disisi kantor pusat (Hub), hampir mirip seperti konfigurasi GRE biasa, hanya disini pada tunnel destination nya
tidak di isi.
contoh :
interface tunnel 0
ip add 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
tunnel source 124.222.12.1
tunnel mode gre multipoint
dan pada sisi spoke nya, bisa di konfigurasi GRE seperti biasa.
ketika kita menggunakan mGRE, disini akan timbul masalah lagi. Ketika kantor cabang (Spoke) ingin melakukan komunikasi dengan spoke yang lainnya
, maka paket harus dikirimkan ke kantor pusat dulu (HUB) sehingga kurang efisien.
Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, maka digunakanlah namanya NHRP(Next Hop Resolution Protocol).
dan kombinasi antara mGRE dengan NHRP jadilah DMVPN.
DMVPN merupakan kombinasi antara mGRE dengan NHRP IPSec (Optional)
DMVPN dapat di implementasikan di Phase 1, Phase 2 dan Phase 3.
ketika kita ingin jaringan tertentu bisa saling terhubung, kita bisa menggunakan GRE tunnel
dan pada GRE tunnel terdapat 2 jenis :
GRE dan mGRE.
-GRE adalah tunnel yang menghubungkan satu titik ke satu titik, dan benar benar murni point to point.
pada GRE akan timbul masalah jika kita punya satu kantor pusat (Hub) dan 100 kantor cabang (Spoke)
maka disini kita harus menyediakan interface tunnel sebanya 99.
karena GRE terdapat masalah , yaitu semakin banya kantor cabang (SPOKE) maka kita harus menyediakan semakin banyak interface tunnel,
oleh karena itu ada solusi menggunakan mGRE disisi hub nya (multipointGRE).
pada konfigurasi mGRE disisi kantor pusat (Hub), hampir mirip seperti konfigurasi GRE biasa, hanya disini pada tunnel destination nya
tidak di isi.
contoh :
interface tunnel 0
ip add 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
tunnel source 124.222.12.1
tunnel mode gre multipoint
dan pada sisi spoke nya, bisa di konfigurasi GRE seperti biasa.
ketika kita menggunakan mGRE, disini akan timbul masalah lagi. Ketika kantor cabang (Spoke) ingin melakukan komunikasi dengan spoke yang lainnya
, maka paket harus dikirimkan ke kantor pusat dulu (HUB) sehingga kurang efisien.
Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, maka digunakanlah namanya NHRP(Next Hop Resolution Protocol).
dan kombinasi antara mGRE dengan NHRP jadilah DMVPN.
Tuesday, April 23, 2013
Bongkar Dell Inspiron n4110
Laptop : Dell n4110
Kasus : kipas berisik
Indikasi : Kotor
Tindakan : Bongkar, Bersihkan Kipas
Langkah-langkah :
1. Buka semua sekrup seperti pada gambar (lihat lingkaran merah)
3. Buka Skrup yang tadi tertutup oleh CD-ROM
4. Buka Keyboard , dorong pengunci sesuai arah panah dengan menggunakan obeng minus. Catatan : agar tidak lecet bisa pakai sejenis plastik runcing.
5. Lepas kabel keyboard
6.Lepas semua sekrup dan kabel
7. Buka seluruh penutup atas, maaf yang ini saya gak ada gambarnya, terlewat saat dokumentasi, saya ambil dari manual booknya dell n4110
8.lepas kabel yang menutupi kipas laptop
9. Buka Sekrup yang menghubungkan kipas dengan body laptop
10. Bersihkan komponen berikut
Bersihkan, pasang kembali semua komponen.
referensi :
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mbnFKmwiTto (yang ini cara buka keyboardnya salah)
- www.qvc.com/footers/el/pdf/E223319_Manual.pdf
Thursday, April 11, 2013
[lab EIGRP 14] Mindah Jalur Offset list
Topologi :
masih menggunakan topologi lab EIGRP 12
- traceroute dari R1 ke R3 harusnya langsung melalui interface fastEthernetnya,
- disini kita akan merubah nilai offset listnya agar interface F0/0 tidak digunakan sebagai jalur utama menuju R3.
Konfigurasi Offset :
R1(config)#access-list 1 permit 3.3.3.3
R1(config)#router eigrp 1
R1(config-router)#offset-list 1 in 2147483647 f0/0
*Mar 1 00:16:38.719: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 1: Neighbor 13.13.13.3 (FastEthernet0/0) is resync: route configuration changed
R1(config-router)#
verifikasi :
check routing table :
R1(config-router)#do sh ip route
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 2.2.2.2 [90/435200] via 13.13.13.3, 00:04:40, FastEthernet0/0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 3.3.3.3 [90/2323456] via 12.12.12.2, 00:03:39, Serial0/0
23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 23.23.23.0 [90/307200] via 13.13.13.3, 00:04:40, FastEthernet0/0
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 13.13.13.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R1(config-router)#
R1(config-router)#do tracer 3.3.3.3
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 3.3.3.3
1 12.12.12.2 24 msec 16 msec 4 msec
2 23.23.23.3 28 msec * 40 msec
R1(config-router)#
masih menggunakan topologi lab EIGRP 12
- disini kita akan merubah nilai offset listnya agar interface F0/0 tidak digunakan sebagai jalur utama menuju R3.
Konfigurasi Offset :
R1(config)#access-list 1 permit 3.3.3.3
R1(config)#router eigrp 1
R1(config-router)#offset-list 1 in 2147483647 f0/0
*Mar 1 00:16:38.719: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 1: Neighbor 13.13.13.3 (FastEthernet0/0) is resync: route configuration changed
R1(config-router)#
verifikasi :
check routing table :
R1(config-router)#do sh ip route
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 2.2.2.2 [90/435200] via 13.13.13.3, 00:04:40, FastEthernet0/0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 3.3.3.3 [90/2323456] via 12.12.12.2, 00:03:39, Serial0/0
23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 23.23.23.0 [90/307200] via 13.13.13.3, 00:04:40, FastEthernet0/0
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 13.13.13.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R1(config-router)#
R1(config-router)#do tracer 3.3.3.3
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 3.3.3.3
1 12.12.12.2 24 msec 16 msec 4 msec
2 23.23.23.3 28 msec * 40 msec
R1(config-router)#
R1(config-router)#do sho ip eigrp top 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
IP-EIGRP (AS 1): Topology entry for 3.3.3.3/32
State is Passive, Query origin flag is 1, 1 Successor(s), FD is 2323456
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
12.12.12.2 (Serial0/0), from 12.12.12.2, Send flag is 0x0
Composite metric is (2323456/409600), Route is Internal
Vector metric:
Minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Total delay is 26000 microseconds
Reliability is 255/255
Load is 1/255
Minimum MTU is 1500
Hop count is 2
13.13.13.3 (FastEthernet0/0), from 13.13.13.3, Send flag is 0x0
Composite metric is (2147893247/128256), Route is Internal
Vector metric:
Minimum bandwidth is 10000 Kbit
Total delay is 83892079 microseconds
Reliability is 255/255
Load is 1/255
Minimum MTU is 1500
Hop count is 1
R1(config-router)#
yang di pengaruhi setelah merubah nilai offset pada EIGRP adalah total delay nya :
[lab 13 EIGRP] Mindah Jalur bandwidth
Konfigurasi menggunakan topologi Lab 12 eigrp, tapi hilangkan dulu delay yang kita tambahkan di int f0/0
kemudian baru kita rubah parameter bandwidth di interface f0/0 R1
int f0/0
no delay 100000
-check dulu, apakah dari R1 ke R2 sudah lewat R3
R1#traceroute 2.2.2.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 2.2.2.2
1 13.13.13.3 24 msec 32 msec 20 msec
2 23.23.23.2 40 msec * 56 msec
klo sudah sekarang rubah bandwidth di interface f0/1
int f0/1
bandwidth 1000
verifikasi :
R1#sh ip eigrp top 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
IP-EIGRP (AS 1): Topology entry for 2.2.2.2/32
State is Passive, Query origin flag is 1, 1 Successor(s), FD is 2297856
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
12.12.12.2 (Serial0/0), from 12.12.12.2, Send flag is 0x0
Composite metric is (2297856/128256), Route is Internal
Vector metric:
Minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Total delay is 25000 microseconds
Reliability is 255/255
Load is 1/255
Minimum MTU is 1500
Hop count is 1
13.13.13.3 (FastEthernet0/0), from 13.13.13.3, Send flag is 0x0
Composite metric is (2739200/409600), Route is Internal
Vector metric:
Minimum bandwidth is 1000 Kbit
Total delay is 7000 microseconds
Reliability is 255/255
Load is 1/255
Minimum MTU is 1500
Hop count is 2
R1#sh ip route 2.2.2.2
Routing entry for 2.2.2.2/32
Known via "eigrp 1", distance 90, metric 2297856, type internal
Redistributing via eigrp 1
Last update from 12.12.12.2 on Serial0/0, 00:02:07 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 12.12.12.2, from 12.12.12.2, 00:02:07 ago, via Serial0/0
Route metric is 2297856, traffic share count is 1
Total delay is 25000 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 1
kemudian baru kita rubah parameter bandwidth di interface f0/0 R1
int f0/0
no delay 100000
-check dulu, apakah dari R1 ke R2 sudah lewat R3
R1#traceroute 2.2.2.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 2.2.2.2
1 13.13.13.3 24 msec 32 msec 20 msec
2 23.23.23.2 40 msec * 56 msec
klo sudah sekarang rubah bandwidth di interface f0/1
int f0/1
bandwidth 1000
verifikasi :
R1#sh ip eigrp top 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
IP-EIGRP (AS 1): Topology entry for 2.2.2.2/32
State is Passive, Query origin flag is 1, 1 Successor(s), FD is 2297856
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
12.12.12.2 (Serial0/0), from 12.12.12.2, Send flag is 0x0
Composite metric is (2297856/128256), Route is Internal
Vector metric:
Minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Total delay is 25000 microseconds
Reliability is 255/255
Load is 1/255
Minimum MTU is 1500
Hop count is 1
13.13.13.3 (FastEthernet0/0), from 13.13.13.3, Send flag is 0x0
Composite metric is (2739200/409600), Route is Internal
Vector metric:
Minimum bandwidth is 1000 Kbit
Total delay is 7000 microseconds
Reliability is 255/255
Load is 1/255
Minimum MTU is 1500
Hop count is 2
R1#sh ip route 2.2.2.2
Routing entry for 2.2.2.2/32
Known via "eigrp 1", distance 90, metric 2297856, type internal
Redistributing via eigrp 1
Last update from 12.12.12.2 on Serial0/0, 00:02:07 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 12.12.12.2, from 12.12.12.2, 00:02:07 ago, via Serial0/0
Route metric is 2297856, traffic share count is 1
Total delay is 25000 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 1
R1#traceroute 2.2.2.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 2.2.2.2
1 12.12.12.2 44 msec * 20 msec
R1#
Wednesday, April 10, 2013
[lab EIGRP 12] Mindah Jalur - delay
Topologi :
Tujuan :
- melakukan path influence agar routingnya pindah menggunakan jalur yang kita inginkan dengan parameter Delay.
Langkah-langkah :
- Konfigurasi EIGRP
- memastikan bahwa dari R1 ke R2 melewati R3
- konfigurasi agar delay di R3 menjadi besar, agar EIGRP berpindah ke R1-R2
Konfigurasi :
- Konfigurasi standar routing EIGRP
- test dari R1 ke R2 harusnya lewat R3
R1#sh ip route 3.3.3.3
Routing entry for 3.3.3.3/32
Known via "eigrp 1", distance 90, metric 409600, type internal
Redistributing via eigrp 1
Last update from 13.13.13.3 on FastEthernet0/0, 00:04:04 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 13.13.13.3, from 13.13.13.3, 00:04:04 ago, via FastEthernet0/0
Route metric is 409600, traffic share count is 1
Total delay is 6000 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 10000 Kbit
Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 1
Tujuan :
- melakukan path influence agar routingnya pindah menggunakan jalur yang kita inginkan dengan parameter Delay.
Langkah-langkah :
- Konfigurasi EIGRP
- memastikan bahwa dari R1 ke R2 melewati R3
- konfigurasi agar delay di R3 menjadi besar, agar EIGRP berpindah ke R1-R2
Konfigurasi :
- Konfigurasi standar routing EIGRP
- test dari R1 ke R2 harusnya lewat R3
R1#sh ip route 3.3.3.3
Routing entry for 3.3.3.3/32
Known via "eigrp 1", distance 90, metric 409600, type internal
Redistributing via eigrp 1
Last update from 13.13.13.3 on FastEthernet0/0, 00:04:04 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 13.13.13.3, from 13.13.13.3, 00:04:04 ago, via FastEthernet0/0
Route metric is 409600, traffic share count is 1
Total delay is 6000 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 10000 Kbit
Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 1
check di EIGRP topology, menuju 3.3.3.3 itu ada jalur mana aja :
R1#sh ip eigrp top 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
IP-EIGRP (AS 1): Topology entry for 2.2.2.2/32
State is Passive, Query origin flag is 1, 1 Successor(s), FD is 435200
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
13.13.13.3 (FastEthernet0/0), from 13.13.13.3, Send flag is 0x0
Composite metric is (435200/409600), Route is Internal
Vector metric:
Minimum bandwidth is 10000 Kbit
Total delay is 7000 microseconds
Reliability is 255/255
Load is 1/255
Minimum MTU is 1500
Hop count is 2
12.12.12.2 (Serial0/0), from 12.12.12.2, Send flag is 0x0
Composite metric is (2297856/128256), Route is Internal
Vector metric:
Minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Total delay is 25000 microseconds
Reliability is 255/255
Load is 1/255
Minimum MTU is 1500
Hop count is 1
dari R1 ke R2 bandwidth dari jalur FastEthernet 0/0 lebih bagus dan delay lebih kecil, sekarang kita manipulasi metric nya .
R1:
int f0/0
delay 100000
do clear ip eigrp top
R1#sh ip eigrp topology 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
IP-EIGRP (AS 1): Topology entry for 2.2.2.2/32
State is Passive, Query origin flag is 1, 1 Successor(s), FD is 2297856
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
12.12.12.2 (Serial0/0), from 12.12.12.2, Send flag is 0x0
Composite metric is (2297856/128256), Route is Internal
Vector metric:
Minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Total delay is 25000 microseconds
Reliability is 255/255
Load is 1/255
Minimum MTU is 1500
Hop count is 1
13.13.13.3 (FastEthernet0/0), from 13.13.13.3, Send flag is 0x0
Composite metric is (26009600/409600), Route is Internal
Vector metric:
Minimum bandwidth is 10000 Kbit
Total delay is 1006000 microseconds
Reliability is 255/255
Load is 1/255
Minimum MTU is 1500
Hop count is 2
check routing nya :
R1#sh ip route 2.2.2.2
Routing entry for 2.2.2.2/32
Known via "eigrp 1", distance 90, metric 2297856, type internal
Redistributing via eigrp 1
Last update from 12.12.12.2 on Serial0/0, 00:29:43 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 12.12.12.2, from 12.12.12.2, 00:29:43 ago, via Serial0/0
Route metric is 2297856, traffic share count is 1
Total delay is 25000 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 1
check tracert
R1#traceroute 2.2.2.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 2.2.2.2
1 12.12.12.2 20 msec * 24 msec
Monday, April 08, 2013
[lab EIGRP 1] Standar Area
Langkah Lab:
1. Konfigurasi IP address
2. Konfigurasi routing EIGRP
LAB :
1. Konfigurasi IP address
Konfigurasi R1 :
int s0/0
ip add 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.0
no sh
int l0
ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
Konfigurasi R2:
int s0/0
ip add 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.0
no sh
int l0
ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
int fa0/0
ip add 23.23.23.2 255.255.255.0
no sh
Konfigurasi R3:
int fa0/0
ip add 23.23.23.3 255.255.255.0
no sh
int l0
ipp add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
2. Konfigurasi routing EIGRP
Konfigurasi R1 :
router eigrp 10
network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
network 12.12.12.1 0.0.0.0
no auto-summary
Konfigurasi R2:
router eigrp 10
network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
network 12.12.12.2 0.0.0.0
network 23.23.23.2 0.0.0.0
Konfigurasi R3:
router eigrp 10
network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
network 23.23.23.3 0.0.0.0
Thursday, February 28, 2013
Cara Gila Subnetting
Contoh :
IP 10.10.10.1/29
Apa sih artinya ?
/29 itu menunjukkan apa? apa bedanya dengan /24 /25 /26
/29 itu menunjukkan jumlah angka satunya.., nah loh angka satu yang mana?
- Pada IPv4 itu di bagi menjadi 4 oktet, dan tiap oktet itu terdiri dari angka desimal, angka paling kecil itu 0 dan angka paling besar itu 255 (totalnya adalah 256). contohnya ya 10.10.10.1 itu adalah 4 oktet dari IP address.
- Nah angka desimal dari IPv4 sebenarnya di bentuk dari bilangan binner (0 dan 1 saja), dan pada tiap oktet maksimum jumlah binnernya adalah 8 buah (klo males ngitung binner, bagian ini gak usah di baca gpp :) )
- tadi di contoh soal khan /29, artinya di situ ada angka 1 sejumlah 29. kita coba tulis ah :
10.10.10.1/29
jumlah angka satunya ada 29 :
1111 1111. 1111 1111.1111 1111.1111 1000
fiuh, kita lihat 3 digit sisanya, (maksudku 000 itu loh), dari angka itu, kita dapat menemukan namanya maksimum IP, klo digit sisa ada 3, artinya 2 dipangkatkan 3 hasilnya adalah 8, atau klo masih males ngitung lagi apalin aja deh, klo /29 maksimum IPnya = 8
jadi maksimum IP dari /29 itu 8, angka 8 inilah yang jadi angka sakti untuk /29 :)
Sekarang apa gunanya kita tau maksimum IP?
ok sekarang kita buat soal :
10.10.10.1/29
a. Berapa netmasknya ?
b. Berapa IP Networknya ?
c. Berapa IP Broadcastnya?
d. Berapa IP Hostnya ?
cara jawab :
-ok, tadi khan kita dah sepakat, klo /29 itu jumlah maksimum IP nya adalah 8 khan? sekarang coba jawab untuk soal
a. Berapa netmasknya?
-cara menghitung netmasknya itu 256-maksimum IP = 256 kurangi 8 = 248
-jadi netmasknya 255.255.255.248
gampang khan? gak pakai pangkat2 an lagi :)
sekarang kita coba jawab soal selanjutnya
b. Berapa IP networknya
sekarang kita pakai angka sakti kita
10.10.10.1/29 maksimum IPnya adalah 8
-nah jika maksimum IP 8, IP terkecil itu adalah 0 dan terbesar itu 7 , atau gampangnya saya tulis 0-7( totalnya 8 khan)
- kita lihat 10.10.10.1 (lihat angka 1, oktet ke 4) angka 1 termasuk range dari 0-7 khan? karena angka 1 termasuk range 0-7 berarti 0 nya itu adalah IP network.
- jadi IP networknya adalah 10.10.10.0
c. Berapa IP Broadcastnya ?
-masih pakai angka sakti , yaitu klo /29 maksimum IPnya khan 8, jika 8 rangenya adalah 0-7 dan IP 10.10.10.1 termasuk range dari 0-7 (lihat oktet ke 4nya)
- klo range 0-7 maka ip terkecil 0 dan terbesar 7, nah IP 7 inilah yang jadi IP broadcast.
jadi IP broadcastnya adalah 10.10.10.7
d. Berapa IP Host nya?
-karena 10.10.10.0 sudah di pakai, dan 10.10.10.7 juga sudah, jadi IP yang bisa digunakan untuk host adalah 10.10.10.1-10.10.10.6 (totalnya jadi ada 6 IP)
fiuh, akhirnya selesai, sekarang coba soal lagi yuk?
misalkan saya ada IP 200.200.200.200/24 berapakah?
a. Netmasknya ?
b. IP networknya?
c. IP broadcastnya?
d.IP hostnya?
sekarang kita hitung dulu, klo /24 berarti ada 24 angka 1
1111 1111.1111 1111.1111 1111.0000 0000
kita lihat di angka 0 nya, jumlahnya ada 8 buah, jadi maksimum IPnya adalah 2 pangkat 8 = 256 ,
klo males ngitung, apalin aja, klo /24 maksimum IPnya =256. fiuh, dah dapet maksimum IP, sekarang kita coba jawab :
a. Netmasknya ?
-ingat cara ngitung netmask 256- maksimum IP = 256 kurangi 256 = 0
-jadi netmasknya 255.255.255.0
b. IP Networknya ?
- ingat, maksimum IPnya khan 256? jadi IP terkecil 0 dan terbesar 255 khan? dan 200.200.200.200 itu termasuk kedalam range 0-255 (oktet ke 4) khan? jadi IP networknya adalah IP paling kecilnya yaitu 0
IP networknya 200.200.200.0
c. IP broadcastnya berapa?
-masih pakai angka sakti , yaitu klo /24 maksimum IPnya khan 256, jika 258 rangenya adalah 0-255 dan IP 200.200.200.200 termasuk range dari 0-255 (lihat oktet ke 4nya)
- klo range 0-255 maka ip terkecil 0 dan terbesar 255, nah IP 255 inilah yang jadi IP broadcast.
- jadi IP Broadcastnya adalah 200.200.200.255
d. Berapa IP hostnya ?
IP hostnya adalah IP yang tidak di pakai tadi, mulai 200.200.200.1 sampai 200.200.200.254, jadi ada 254 host.
Saturday, February 09, 2013
OSPF Standar area
Biar ngerti cara kerja LSA 1-7
saatnya di lab kan :
buat interface loopback di R1 :
int l0
ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
int l1
ip add 100.100.100.1 255.255.255.255
int l2
ip add 100.100.100.2 255.255.255.255
int l3
ip add 100.100.100.3 255.255.255.255
int l4
ip add 100.100.100.4 255.255.255.255
int l5
ip add 100.100.100.5 255.255.255.255
int l6
ip add 100.100.100.6 255.255.255.255
int l7
ip add 100.100.100.7 255.255.255.255
int f0/0
ip add 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.0
no sh
router ospf 1
router-id 1.1.1.1
network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 12.12.12.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 100.100.100.1 0.0.0.0 area 100
network 100.100.100.2 0.0.0.0 area 100
network 100.100.100.3 0.0.0.0 area 100
redistribute eigrp 1 subnet
router eigrp 1
network 100.100.100.4 0.0.0.0
network 100.100.100.5 0.0.0.0
network 100.100.100.6 0.0.0.0
network 100.100.100.7 0.0.0.0
konfigurasi R2:
int l0
ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
int f0/0
ip add 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.0
no sh
int s0/0
ip add 23.23.23.2 255.255.255.0
no sh
router ospf 2
network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 area 1
network 12.12.12.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 23.23.23.2 0.0.0.0 area 1
Konfigurasi R3 :
int l0
ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
int s0/0
ip add 23.23.23.3 255.255.255.0
no sh
router ospf 3
network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 1
network 23.23.23.3 0.0.0.0 area 1
verifikasi :
R3:
R3(config-router)#do sh ip route
C 203.203.203.0/24 is directly connected, Tunnel2
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 1.1.1.1 [110/75] via 23.23.23.2, 00:00:03, Serial0/0
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 2.2.2.2 [110/65] via 23.23.23.2, 00:00:03, Serial0/0
100.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 7 subnets
O E2 100.100.100.4 [110/20] via 23.23.23.2, 00:00:03, Serial0/0
O E2 100.100.100.5 [110/20] via 23.23.23.2, 00:00:03, Serial0/0
O E2 100.100.100.6 [110/20] via 23.23.23.2, 00:00:03, Serial0/0
O E2 100.100.100.7 [110/20] via 23.23.23.2, 00:00:04, Serial0/0
O IA 100.100.100.1 [110/75] via 23.23.23.2, 00:00:04, Serial0/0
O IA 100.100.100.2 [110/75] via 23.23.23.2, 00:00:04, Serial0/0
O IA 100.100.100.3 [110/75] via 23.23.23.2, 00:00:04, Serial0/0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Loopback0
23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 23.23.23.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 12.12.12.0 [110/74] via 23.23.23.2, 00:00:20, Serial0/0
R3(config-router)#do sh ip ospf database
Router Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 48 0x80000003 0x009A45 3
3.3.3.3 3.3.3.3 47 0x80000001 0x00C018 3
Summary Net Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
1.1.1.1 2.2.2.2 182 0x80000001 0x008D98
12.12.12.0 2.2.2.2 214 0x80000001 0x00FF07
100.100.100.1 2.2.2.2 204 0x80000001 0x009368
100.100.100.2 2.2.2.2 209 0x80000001 0x008971
100.100.100.3 2.2.2.2 209 0x80000001 0x007F7A
203.203.203.0 3.3.3.3 76 0x80000001 0x001526
Summary ASB Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
1.1.1.1 2.2.2.2 210 0x80000001 0x0075B0
Type-5 AS External Link States
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag
100.100.100.4 1.1.1.1 438 0x80000001 0x0083E7 0
100.100.100.5 1.1.1.1 447 0x80000001 0x0079F0 0
100.100.100.6 1.1.1.1 447 0x80000001 0x006FF9 0
100.100.100.7 1.1.1.1 448 0x80000001 0x006503 0
OSPF GRE-Tunnel
lab ini masih ada kaitannya dengan virtual-link.
hapus dulu konfigurasi dari virtual-link :
R1:
conf t
router ospf 1
no area 1 virtual-link 2.2.2.2
!
R2 :
conf t
router ospf 2
no area 1 virtual-link 1.1.1.1
no area 2 virtual-link 3.3.3.3
!
R3 :
conf t
router ospf 3
no area 2 virtual-link 2.2.2.2
saatnya kita mainkan GRE tunnelnya, saya buat GRE tunnel di R1 :
conf t
int tun 1
ip add 102.102.102.1 255.255.255.0
tunnel source 12.12.12.1
tunnel destination 12.12.12.2
router ospf 1
network 102.102.102.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
buat GRE tunnel di R2 :
conf t
int tun 1
ip add 102.102.102.2 255.255.255.0
tunnel source 12.12.12.2
tunnel destination 12.12.12.1
router ospf 2
network 102.102.102.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
sekarang buat tunnel dari R2 ke R3 :
R2:
conf t
int tun 2
ip add 203.203.203.2 255.255.255.0
tunnel source 23.23.23.2
tunnel destination 23.23.23.3
router ospf 2
network 203.203.203.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
R3:
conf t
int tun 2
ip add 203.203.203.3 255.255.255.0
tunnel source 23.23.23.3
tunnel destination 23.23.23.2
router ospf 3
network 203.203.203.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
verifikasi :
R1#sh ip route
102.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 102.102.102.0 is directly connected, Tunnel1
O 203.203.203.0/24 [110/22222] via 102.102.102.2, 00:01:43, Tunnel1
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 2.2.2.2 [110/11] via 12.12.12.2, 01:55:40, FastEthernet0/0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 3.3.3.3 [110/22223] via 102.102.102.2, 00:01:33, Tunnel1
23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 23.23.23.0 [110/11175] via 102.102.102.2, 00:58:53, Tunnel1
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R1#
R2#sh ip route
102.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 102.102.102.0 is directly connected, Tunnel1
C 203.203.203.0/24 is directly connected, Tunnel2
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.1 [110/11112] via 102.102.102.1, 00:59:37, Tunnel1
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 2.2.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 3.3.3.3 [110/11112] via 203.203.203.3, 00:02:18, Tunnel2
23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 23.23.23.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R2#
R3#sh ip route
102.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 102.102.102.0 [110/22222] via 203.203.203.2, 00:02:39, Tunnel2
C 203.203.203.0/24 is directly connected, Tunnel2
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.1 [110/22223] via 203.203.203.2, 00:02:39, Tunnel2
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 2.2.2.2 [110/11112] via 203.203.203.2, 00:02:39, Tunnel2
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Loopback0
23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 23.23.23.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 12.12.12.0 [110/11121] via 203.203.203.2, 00:02:41, Tunnel2
R3#
hapus dulu konfigurasi dari virtual-link :
R1:
conf t
router ospf 1
no area 1 virtual-link 2.2.2.2
!
R2 :
conf t
router ospf 2
no area 1 virtual-link 1.1.1.1
no area 2 virtual-link 3.3.3.3
!
R3 :
conf t
router ospf 3
no area 2 virtual-link 2.2.2.2
saatnya kita mainkan GRE tunnelnya, saya buat GRE tunnel di R1 :
conf t
int tun 1
ip add 102.102.102.1 255.255.255.0
tunnel source 12.12.12.1
tunnel destination 12.12.12.2
router ospf 1
network 102.102.102.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
buat GRE tunnel di R2 :
conf t
int tun 1
ip add 102.102.102.2 255.255.255.0
tunnel source 12.12.12.2
tunnel destination 12.12.12.1
router ospf 2
network 102.102.102.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
sekarang buat tunnel dari R2 ke R3 :
R2:
conf t
int tun 2
ip add 203.203.203.2 255.255.255.0
tunnel source 23.23.23.2
tunnel destination 23.23.23.3
router ospf 2
network 203.203.203.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
R3:
conf t
int tun 2
ip add 203.203.203.3 255.255.255.0
tunnel source 23.23.23.3
tunnel destination 23.23.23.2
router ospf 3
network 203.203.203.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
verifikasi :
R1#sh ip route
102.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 102.102.102.0 is directly connected, Tunnel1
O 203.203.203.0/24 [110/22222] via 102.102.102.2, 00:01:43, Tunnel1
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 2.2.2.2 [110/11] via 12.12.12.2, 01:55:40, FastEthernet0/0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 3.3.3.3 [110/22223] via 102.102.102.2, 00:01:33, Tunnel1
23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 23.23.23.0 [110/11175] via 102.102.102.2, 00:58:53, Tunnel1
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R1#
R2#sh ip route
102.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 102.102.102.0 is directly connected, Tunnel1
C 203.203.203.0/24 is directly connected, Tunnel2
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.1 [110/11112] via 102.102.102.1, 00:59:37, Tunnel1
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 2.2.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 3.3.3.3 [110/11112] via 203.203.203.3, 00:02:18, Tunnel2
23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 23.23.23.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R2#
R3#sh ip route
102.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 102.102.102.0 [110/22222] via 203.203.203.2, 00:02:39, Tunnel2
C 203.203.203.0/24 is directly connected, Tunnel2
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.1 [110/22223] via 203.203.203.2, 00:02:39, Tunnel2
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 2.2.2.2 [110/11112] via 203.203.203.2, 00:02:39, Tunnel2
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Loopback0
23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 23.23.23.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 12.12.12.0 [110/11121] via 203.203.203.2, 00:02:41, Tunnel2
R3#
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